F7

F Dominant 7th — the engine of harmonic motion — the tritone between its third and seventh drives resolution down a fifth.

The keys
C4C5C6
F – A – C – E♭
What's inside F7
NoteInterval from rootDegree
FRoot1
AMajor 3rd3
CPerfect 5th5
E♭Minor 7thb7
Inversions
PositionKeys (low → high)
Root positionF4 – A4 – C5 – E♭5
1st inversionA4 – C5 – E♭5 – F5
2nd inversionC5 – E♭5 – F5 – A5
3rd inversionE♭5 – F5 – A5 – C6
A working voicing

Split the chord between two hands the way working players do — a solid shell low down, the colour tones up top:

HandKeys
Left (shell)F2 – E♭3
Right (colour)A4 – C5
Where F7 lives

Resolving down a fifth

F7 → B♭

The defining dominant move: the tritone inside this chord releases onto the chord a fifth below.

In a ii–V–I

Cm7 → F7 → B♭maj7

This chord as the V — the engine of the most-used cadence in music.

Put F7 under your fingers

Hear every voicing, see the keys light up, and drill it in the interactive Chord & Voicing Lab.

Open the Chord & Voicing Lab →
Dominant 7th in every key
C7 C♯7 D7 E♭7 E7 F♯7 G7 A♭7 A7 B♭7 B7